Referencing Midwifery Journals and Electronic documents

A journal reference should contain:

1. Author's surname, followed by initials.
2. Year of publication.
3. Title of article.
4. Title of journal, italicised (or underlined if italics are not available).
5. Volume number
6. Issue number, in brackets.
7. The number of the first and last pages on which the article appears.

Examples
Abdel-Al, H. 1974. An approach to nursing education. Nursing Mirror 139 (4): 68-70.
Blackburn, T.A. 1985. Rehabilitation of anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Orthopaedic Clinics of North America. 16 (2): 241-267.
Chapman, C.N. 1975. The graduate in nursing. Nursing Times 71: 615-617.
Newell, K.M., R.E.A. Emmerik and R.L.Sprague. 1993. On postural stability and variability. Gait and Posture 4: 225-230.
Reiner, R. 1992. Policing a post-modern society. The Modern Law Review 55 (6): 761-781.

Popular weekly or monthly magazines often do not have volume numbers and should be cited by date only. Page numbers follow, separated from the date by a comma – but if the article jumps from one part of the magazine to another, page numbers may be omitted.

Example
Arthur, Charles. 1995. Just pick up the phone and say aah. New Scientist. 6 May 1995, 23.

Journals should be referred to by their full name, even if the journal title is very long.

Corporate authors, reports, etc.

Reports which are not the responsibility of one individual should be listed under the name of the body responsible for their publication. They should not be listed under the name of the chairman of a committee, in spite of the fact that they are commonly referred to in this way.

Example: the 'Platt' report:
Royal College of Nursing and National Council of Nurses of the United Kingdom.1964. A reform of nursing education: first report of special committee on nurse education. [Platt report] London: Royal College of Nursing and National College of Nursing in the U.K.

Note that with lengthy corporate authors such as the example above, the citation in the text may be abbreviated to something that agrees with the start of the name – e.g. (Royal College 1964) but not (Platt report 1964).

Miscellaneous examples

Central Health Services Council. 1970. Domiciliary, midwifery & maternity bed needs: Report of the Sub-Committee of the Standing Maternity & Midwifery Advisory Committee. [Chairman: Sir John Peel] London: HMSO.
Department of Health and Social Security and Welsh Office.1971. Better services for the mentally handicapped. Cmnd. 4683. London: HMSO.
Industrial Relations Act, 1971. London: HMSO.
Interdepartmental Working Party on the Recruitment & Training of Nurses. 1947. Report of the working party on the recruitment and training of nurses. [Chairman: Sir Robert Wood] London: HMSO.
Scottish Home and Health Department. 1970. Duties & training of nursing auxiliaries and nursing assistants. Edinburgh: Scottish Home & Health Department.

Sequence of references by the same author

These should be in date order within the alphabetical sequence with the oldest reference first:
Peters, R. 1935. Corns I have known. London: Kluwer.
Peters, R. 1959. Bunions on my toes. London: Elsevier Science.
Peters, R. 1985. Warts and all. New York: Mosby.

Referencing from electronic sources

There is no agreed method for citing electronic sources yet and the key text on the subject (Li and Crane 1996) does not cover the Chicago style. But it is possible to adapt the conventions for print material to electronic sources. The following elements should be included if available:

Author's name and initials (as for book or journal article)
Year of publication
Title of document cited
Type of medium (e.g. CD-ROM, online)
Location (URL, ftp address etc.)
Date accessed (essential for online documents which may change location but not necessary for 'stable' sources such as CD-ROM)

From CD-ROM sources
To cite a full-text article from a CD-ROM, follow the style used for journal or magazine articles (see above) and add [CD-ROM], CD-ROM title used version and date:

Arthur, Charles. 1995. Just pick up the phone and say aah. New Scientist. 6 May 1995, 23. [CD-ROM] New Scientist, Winter 1997

From email
Cite Author. Year. Subject line from email posting. Type of posting (personal, to group, memo) [date accessed]:[/FONT]

[FONT=Comic Sans MS]Jones, K. 1998. [I]Nurse education in Sussex[/I]. [email] Personal email to J. Smith. [28 Feb 1998].[/FONT]

[B][I][FONT=Comic Sans MS]WWW document[/FONT][/I][/B]
[FONT=Comic Sans MS]Cite Author. Year. Title of document. [Online] Place of publication: Publisher (if you can ascertain this). Available from: (i.e. location of document) [date accessed]:[/FONT]

[FONT=Comic Sans MS]Cross, P. and K. Towle. 1996. [I]A guide to citing Internet sources[/I]. [Online] Poole: Bournemouth University. Available from: [/FONT]
[FONT=Comic Sans MS]http://www.bournemouth.ac.uk/service-depts/lis/LIS_Pub/harvardsyst.html[/FONT]
[FONT=Comic Sans MS][10 May 1998][/FONT]

[FONT=Comic Sans MS]Note: don't put in any extra punctuation after the URL which might be misread as a part of the address. For this reason, it is sensible to put the URL on a separate line.[/FONT]

[B][I][FONT=Comic Sans MS]Electronic journal[/FONT][/I][/B]
[FONT=Comic Sans MS]To cite a full-text article from an Internet source, follow the style used for journal or magazine articles (see above) and add [Online] Location and date accessed:[/FONT]

[FONT=Comic Sans MS]Pulsford D. 1997. Therapeutic activities for people with dementia - what, why... and why not? [I]Journal of Advanced Nursing[/I]. 26 (4): pp 704-709 [Online] JournalsOnline on BIDS. Available at:[/FONT]
[FONT=Comic Sans MS]http://pluto.bids.ac.uk/JournalsOnline/jol_page/21JOL-1.895154969.2172580[/FONT]
[FONT=Comic Sans MS][10 May 1998][/FONT]

Re: Referencing Journals and Electronic documents

Have you seen this? find it helpful? any alternatives to offer? does your Uni reference this way too?